Green Premium vs Brown Discount in UK Real Estate: Are They Real or Illusion?
Executive Summary This report investigates whether the observed “green premiums” and “brown discounts” in UK real estate are genuine market valuations of energy efficiency or statistical artifacts driven by confounding variables. Analysis of data from 2015-2025 confirms that these pricing effects are predominantly real, with approximately two-thirds of the observed price differential attributable to genuine efficiency valuation rather than