Syrian Arab Code for the Design and Implementation of Reinforced Concrete Structures, fourth edition, Damascus 2012, Syrian Engineers Syndicate
Source ID
SRC-168
Citation
Syrian Arab Code for the Design and Implementation of Reinforced Concrete Structures, fourth edition, Damascus 2012, Syrian Engineers Syndicate
URL or path
research/الكود العربي السورية الطبعة الرابعة 2012/الكود العربي السورية الطبعة الرابعة 2012.pdf; page images at research/الكود العربي السورية الطبعة الرابعة 2012_pages/
Type
Primary technical instrument, Arabic
Hierarchy tier
1
Published
2012
Accessed
2026-08-17
Snapshot
SUPPLIED BY THE AUTHOR 17 August 2026. Image-only scan; title page rendered and read.
Claims
CH5 seismic code history; the instrument in force
Status
READ_IN_PART
Version history
The register keeps changing after the book is fixed in print. Each entry below was added to this row in the order shown.
OPENED ONLY AT THE TITLE PAGE, which confirms identity: 'الكود العربي السوري لتصميم وتنفيذ المنشآت بالخرسانة المسلحة، الطبعة الرابعة، دمشق 2012', issued by the Engineers Syndicate. THE CHAPTER'S CODE HISTORY STOPS AT THE THIRD EDITION OF 2004 AND THIS IS THE FOURTH, eight years before the earthquake the chapter describes. Nothing beyond the existence, edition number and date may rest on this row until it is read. It is the natural source for any statement about what the code in force requires, as distinct from what its earthquake appendix requires.
OPENED AND READ AT ITS FRONT MATTER ON 17 AUGUST 2026, AFTER THE AUTHOR ASKED WHY IT HAD NOT BEEN. THE ROW STOOD AT HELD_NOT_READ WHILE CHAPTER 5 v13 PRINTED 'The 2012 code is not open, so nothing below is tested against it', AND D-074 APPROVED THE CHAPTER WITH THAT STATE EXPRESSLY RECORDED. The file was in the repository throughout. Status moves to READ_IN_PART. 404 pages, scanned with no text layer, read as rendered images at 150 and 400 dpi. PAGE 3 IS THE ADOPTION INSTRUMENT AND THE CHAPTER SHOULD HAVE HAD IT. A بلاغ of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers, number 44/15, dated DAMASCUS 11 NOVEMBER 2013 and signed by the Prime Minister, DR WAEL AL-HALQI. It recites that the Engineers Syndicate developed and updated the code that had been in force under CIRCULAR 19/b/5546/15 OF 2004, so that it aligns with developments in structural engineering science AND ESPECIALLY IN RESEARCH AND SPECIFICATIONS FOR DESIGNING AND IMPLEMENTING BUILDINGS TO RESIST EARTHQUAKES, out of concern for public safety. It then REQUESTS ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE BODIES working in engineering studies and the implementation of concrete projects TO ADOPT THE NEW CODE FROM ITS DATE. THE DATE WAS RE-RENDERED AT 400 DPI AND CROPPED BEFORE IT WAS RECORDED, because Arabic scans in this archive have reversed digit order before and this project has printed a wrong date from one. Both groups read ١١, so 11/11/2013. SO THE CODE IS DATED 2012 ON ITS COVER AND BECAME MANDATORY BY PRIME-MINISTERIAL CIRCULAR ON 11 NOVEMBER 2013, and the chapter may say so. PAGE 7 CARRIES THE ENFORCEABILITY STATEMENT, in the third edition's preface of May 2004 signed by the then head of the Syndicate, ENG. HASSAN MAJED ALI, reprinted in this volume: the Syrian Arab Code consists of the base code and FOURTEEN APPENDICES, and 'these appendices are an integral part of the code, complementary to it, AND MANDATORY IN APPLICATION LIKE IT'. The fourteen are listed in order and APPENDIX 2 IS EARTHQUAKES. That sentence sources, from the code itself, what the chapter previously took from a trade-press explainer at SRC-160. PAGE 5 IS THE FOURTH EDITION'S PREFACE, Damascus DECEMBER 2012, signed by the head of the Syndicate ENG. MOHAMMAD WALID GHAZAL. It discusses Appendix 2 directly: detailed provisions were given for frames implementable in Syria with relatively large difficulty, named the special local frames, and for the intermediate local frames, both differing slightly from their counterparts in the American reference codes; and TWO FURTHER APPENDICES WERE ADDED, و on a developed method for compressed elements taking slenderness into account and ح on short columns and corbels. READING STILL OWED: the substantive body of the code, 404 pages, and in particular any provision bearing on the duties of engineers, contractors, the Syndicate and the local administrative units that Chapter 5 states from SRC-160.
PAGES 4 AND 6 OPENED 17 AUGUST 2026, AFTER THE v14 DIFF REVIEW FOUND THEM RENDERED AND UNREAD. THEY WERE IN THIS DIRECTORY, AT THE SAME TIMESTAMP AS PAGES 3, 5 AND 7, THROUGHOUT. p005 is the closing page of the fourth edition's preface and p007 the closing page of the third edition's; both prefaces begin on the page before, so the v14 pass read the end of each and the chapter said it had read two prefaces. BOTH PREFACES ARE NOW READ IN FULL. PAGE 4, مقدمة الطبعة الرابعة, AND IT CARRIES A DATE THAT CONTRADICTS SRC-167. Verbatim: 'بعد أن صدرت الطبعة الثالثة من الكود العربي السوري لتصميم وتنفيذ المنشآت بالخرسانة المسلحة عام ٢٠٠٤، وهو الكود الأساس، تم إصدار الملحق (١) الخاص بالأحمال عام ٢٠٠٦، وكان قد صدر قبله عام ٢٠٠٥ الملحق (٢) الخاص بالزلازل، كما صدر الملحق (٣) الخاص بالتفاصيل والرسومات عام ٢٠٠٧، كما أن الملحق (٤) الخاص بتقييم وتأهيل المنشآت القائمة هو قيد الإنجاز أما الملحق (٥) الخاص بالأساسات فهو منجز وصدر في هذا العام.' SO THE SYNDICATE'S OWN BASE CODE DATES THE EARTHQUAKE APPENDIX TO 2005, where the Syndicate's own second edition of that appendix dates its first edition to 2004. Two primaries by the same body disagree, both are in this repository, and CLAUDE.md requires the conflict to be named rather than resolved silently. The chapter names it at v15. PAGE 4 ALSO GIVES THE ISSUE CHAIN: base code third edition 2004; Appendix 1 loads 2006; Appendix 2 earthquakes 2005; Appendix 3 details and drawings 2007; APPENDIX 4, evaluation and rehabilitation of existing structures, STILL UNDER COMPLETION at the fourth edition; Appendix 5 foundations complete and issued that year. AND THE FOURTH EDITION'S OWN CHANGES: symbols brought into line so far as possible with those used in the American reference codes, named as ACI 318M-08, UBC 97, IBC 2009 and ASCE-7/10, and a new lettered appendix (ز) for moment-resisting frames. THAT BEARS ON THE FOURTEEN-APPENDIX COUNT AT PAGE 7: the fourteen are the numbered ملاحق set out in the THIRD edition's preface of May 2004, one of which was still unfinished in December 2012, and the lettered appendices ز، و and ح are a separate series. The count is not falsified and it is a 2004 statement carried forward, not the 2012 volume's account of itself, and the chapter now attributes it to the preface that makes it. PAGE 6, مقدمة الطبعة الثالثة, AND IT CORROBORATES THE CHAPTER'S CHRONOLOGY FROM THE CODE ITSELF. Verbatim: 'صدرت الطبعة الثانية من الكود العربي السوري في عام ١٩٩٥، ثم تلاها إصدار ثلاثة ملاحق للكود خلال أعوام ١٩٩٦ و١٩٩٧ و٢٠٠٠ حول الاشتراطات والاحتياطات المطلوبة لتصميم المباني المقاومة للزلازل وكذلك حول تقييم المنشآت والمباني القائمة وتأهيلها لمقاومة الزلازل.' It adds that the code 'احتوى لأول مرة على طريقة معتمدة في الحساب' for earthquake resistance, contained for the first time an adopted calculation method. SECOND EDITION 1995 AND THREE SUPPLEMENTS IN 1996, 1997 AND 2000 are therefore in the base code as well as in SRC-167's first edition foreword, which the chapter had from the appendix alone.
READ FURTHER ON 18 AUGUST 2026 ON THE AUTHOR'S INSTRUCTION AT D-079, AND THE READING CHANGES WHAT CAN BE SAID ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT. Chapter 5 at its line 231 says 'The body of the code I have not read, and nothing in this section rests on it.' PAGES 8 TO 24 AND 334 TO 336 WERE RENDERED AT 150 AND 170 DPI AND READ, [THE WORDS THAT STOOD HERE ARE STRUCK, 18 AUGUST 2026, ON MIN-448, AND ARE QUOTED SO A PARTIAL READING OF THIS ROW CANNOT REINTRODUCE THEM: 'WHICH IS THE WHOLE TABLE OF CONTENTS AND THE TWO SEISMIC APPENDICES.' THEY WERE WRONG WHEN WRITTEN. The contents run to printed page 27 and the rendering behind that sentence stopped at 24, which is what the later block in this row records; pages 25 to 27 were rendered on 18 August 2026 and carry an eighth lettered appendix. So pages 8 to 24 are PART of the table of contents.] WHICH IS PART OF THE TABLE OF CONTENTS, PAGES 8 TO 24 OF 8 TO 27, AND THE TWO SEISMIC APPENDICES. THE STRUCTURE, FROM THE CONTENTS PAGES THEMSELVES. The volume is titled الكود الأساس, the BASE CODE. Preface to the fourth edition at printed page 4, preface to the third at 6, contents from 8. THIRTEEN ABWAB: 1 scope and purpose at 28, 2 terms at 31, 3 units and symbols at 33, 4 material properties at 40, and the sequence runs to the thirteenth, which ends at 328 on permitted tolerances in dimensions, verticality, alignment and the placing of reinforcement. THE APPENDICES BEGIN AT 329 AND THERE ARE AT LEAST SEVEN: (أ) SI and metric unit relations and the statistical coefficient k, 329; (ب) aggregate grading curves, 332; (ج) maximum gust speeds recurring once in fifty years in metres per second, 333; (د) THE SEISMIC MAP OF THE SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC USED IN THE EQUIVALENT STATIC METHOD, 334; (هـ) THE TABLE OF PEAK GROUND ACCELERATION VALUES, 335; (و) a developed method for slender compressed elements, 337; (ز) a developed study of moment-resisting frames and shear walls in buildings and structures resistant to earthquakes, from 347. SO THE BASE CODE CARRIES ITS OWN SEISMIC DESIGN DATA AND THE CHAPTER DOES NOT SAY SO. APPENDIX (هـ) READ IN FULL AT PAGE 335. Its heading: جدول بقيم التسارعات الأرضية العظمى (PGA) المحتملة على الطبقة الصخرية الصلبة خلال خمسين عاماً مع احتمالية عدم تجاوز 90% مقدرة بالـ cm/sec2 لأهم مراكز المدن والبلدات في سورية، المستعملة في الطريقة الاستاتيكية المكافئة. In English: peak ground accelerations on hard rock over fifty years at 90 per cent probability of non-exceedance, in centimetres per second squared, for the principal city and town centres of Syria, used in the equivalent static method. IT CARRIES A DESIGN FLOOR IN ITS OWN PARENTHESIS: يتم التصميم لتسارع أرضي يساوي 150 cm/sec2، حيثما ورد أقل من ذلك, design is for a ground acceleration of 150 wherever a lower value appears. VALUES READ FROM THE TABLE, in cm/sec2: Damascus 250, Latakia 300, Idlib 300-400, Ariha 300-400, Bab al-Hawa 300-400, Tell Kalakh 300-400, Afrin 300, Azaz 300, Banias 300, Jableh 300, Daraa 250, Bosra al-Sham 250, Bloudan 250, Izraa 250, Qatana 250, Quteifa 250, Kiswa 250, al-Bab 200, Jaboul 200, Adra 200, Khanasir 200, Salamiyah 200, Palmyra 150, Sabaa Biyar 150, Sukhna 150, Khunayfis 150, Deir ez-Zor 75, Raqqa 75, Qamishli 75, Abu Kamal 75, Tell Abyad 75, Ras al-Ayn 75, al-Tanf 75, Ain al-Arab 75, Amuda 75, Tell Kojak, that is al-Yaarubiyah, 75. THE TABLE IS THREE COLUMN-PAIRS WIDE AND THIS IS PAGE ONE OF IT; ALEPPO AND HOMS ARE NOT ON THE PART READ and no value may be attributed to them from this row. WHAT THIS MEANS FOR THE CHAPTER, AND IT IS FOR THE AUTHOR AND NOT FOR THIS PROCESS. D-073 CLOSED THE SEISMIC SECTION and v10 to v16 did not reopen its argument. This reading does not reopen it either. What it does is falsify the shape of one sentence: the 2012 base code is not a document whose seismic content lives only in a separate 2013 appendix, it carries a seismic map and a PGA table of its own, and a chapter that says the body is unread and nothing rests on it should say which parts it read and what they contain. THE BODY, MEANING THE THIRTEEN ABWAB BETWEEN PAGES 28 AND 328, REMAINS UNREAD and that is now a bounded and stated quantity rather than an open one.
CORRECTED 18 AUGUST 2026 ON THE D-079 FIVE-CHAPTER DIFF REVIEW, AND THE ERROR WAS AN ASSERTED COUNT FROM AN INCOMPLETE RENDERING. This row said the appendices begin at 329 and that there are AT LEAST SEVEN, lettered alif to zay, and Chapter 5 v17 printed the definite form, seven. THE CONTENTS RUN TO PRINTED PAGE 27 AND ONLY PAGES 8 TO 24 HAD BEEN RENDERED. Pages 25 to 27 were rendered and read on 18 August 2026 and they carry more: page 25 is still inside appendix zay, whose subsections run to printed page 376, and PAGE 27 CARRIES AN EIGHTH APPENDIX, الملحق (ح), دراسة مطورة للأظفار القصيرة والأكتاف, a developed study of short corbels and brackets, at printed pages 397 to 402, itemised from ح-1 تعاريف to ح-7 نظرية القص الاحتكاك. After it the contents list تصويبات للملحق (3) الخاص بالتفاصيل والرسومات at 403, corrections to appendix 3 on details and drawings, and أسماء الزملاء الذين ساهمو مع اللجنة بإغناء الكود at 404, the contributors. SO THE LETTERED APPENDICES RUN ALIF TO HA, WHICH IS EIGHT, AND THE SEVEN WAS WRONG. THE TWO SEISMIC APPENDICES AND THEIR PAGES ARE UNAFFECTED and were read at the document: the map at 334 and the acceleration table at 335. THE LESSON IS THE ONE THIS PROJECT KEEPS RECORDING AND IT IS THE SAME SHAPE AS THE FIGURE-COUNT FAILURES: a count asserted from a partial reading is a claim about the part, not the whole, and the register said 'at least seven' while the prose said 'seven'. THE PROSE NOW NAMES THE SPAN INSTEAD OF COUNTING IT.
AMENDED 18 AUGUST 2026 ON MIN-448. THE ROW STATED TWO INCOMPATIBLE THINGS ABOUT ITS OWN READING for a day: an earlier block called pages 8 to 24 the whole table of contents, and a later block recorded that the contents run to 27 and that page 27 carries an eighth appendix. The earlier claim is struck in place. THE PREVENTION IS MIN-445'S RULE APPLIED TO A ROW'S OWN HISTORY RATHER THAN TO ITS COLUMNS: when a row is corrected, re-read every earlier block in it, because a partial reader meets the first block and not the correction.