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Rayan Azhari.
The evidence register for Financing Syria’s Reconstruction

Disagreements · live register

Where the documents disagree

19 places where the book found two answers to what looks like one question, sorted by where the disagreement comes from. In each, the chapter prints what the documents say and how far it can resolve them.

12 of the 19 are one organisation disagreeing with itself, or figures set against each other that were never measuring the same thing; 4 are two organisations counting one quantity. Checking whether two publishers agree catches only the second kind.

One publisher, two figuresSyria's oil production, 20242Syria's oilproduction,2024Off-grid solar capacity at the end of 20242Off-grid solarcapacity at theend of 2024Syria's phosphate rock reserves2Syria'sphosphate rockreservesDisbursed on one World Bank electricity grant3Disbursed onone World BankelectricitygrantThe World Bank's range for reconstruction cost2The WorldBank's rangeforreconstructioncostThe survey's Syrian sample2The survey'sSyrian sampleThe survey's fieldwork periodThe survey'sfieldworkperiodThe wording of Pinheiro Principle 15.7The wording ofPinheiroPrinciple 15.7Two publishers, onequantityPeople displaced inside Syria2Peopledisplacedinside SyriaInternally displaced people returned since December 20242Internallydisplacedpeople returnedsince December2024Primary teachers in Syria, 20022Primaryteachers inSyria, 2002Endowment properties in the national portfolio2Endowmentproperties inthe nationalportfolioAn account against thetextWhat happens to an owner who files no claim under Law 10What happens toan owner whofiles no claimunder Law 10The free deduction ceiling under Law 23 of 2015The freedeductionceiling underLaw 23 of 2015What the Ministry of Endowments may do with endowment propertyWhat theMinistry ofEndowments maydo withendowmentNot a disagreement:different measuresSyria's gas production4Syria's gasproductionElectricity lost by the grid2Electricitylost by thegridHours of grid supply a dayHours of gridsupply a daySyria's population in 20262Syria'spopulation in2026
Read all 19 as a list

One publisher, two figures

The same organisation printing different values for the same thing, in two documents, two editions or two places in one report.

Syria's oil production, 2024

World Bank macro-fiscal assessment 63,000
World Bank gas flaring dataset 54,153

barrels a day; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: The World Bank has published two different figures for how much oil Syria produced in 2024.

Chapter 9: Oil, Gas, Phosphate and Olives · Claim OILPROD-001

Off-grid solar capacity at the end of 2024

IRENA, March 2025 edition 2 megawatts
IRENA, the next edition 1,500 megawatts

megawatts; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: A year later the same agency published the same series for the same year and recorded 1,500 megawatts off-grid.

Chapter 8: The Energy Transition Already Under Way · Claim SOLAR-001

Syria's phosphate rock reserves

US Geological Survey, 2020 and 2021 editions 1.8 billion
US Geological Survey, 2024 edition on 250 million

million tonnes; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: When it returned in the 2024 edition the figure was 250 million tonnes.

Chapter 9: Oil, Gas, Phosphate and Olives · Claim PHOSRES-002

Disbursed on one World Bank electricity grant

Aide memoire, at 15 June 2026 US$9.53 million
Status report archived 21 July 2026 US$9.50 million
Statement at 30 September 2026 US$9.64 million

million US dollars; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: its publisher has printed different figures against that one record.

Chapter 10: A Map of Capital, Not a Pool · Claim DISB-002

The World Bank's range for reconstruction cost

Executive summary, upper end US$140–345 billion
Findings, upper end US$141–343 billion

billion US dollars, December 2024; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: US$140–345 billion in the summary and US$141–343 billion in the findings.

Chapter 1: The Bill and the Denominator · Claim INTRO-005

The survey's Syrian sample

Results announcement three thousand six hundred and ninety
Published microdata three thousand six hundred and ninety-one

respondents; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: its results announcement gives as three thousand six hundred and ninety and its published microdata as three thousand six hundred and ninety-one.

Chapter 4: Title, Land and Legitimacy · Claim CH4-AOI-001

The survey's fieldwork period

No figures to set side by side: the disagreement is in the words.

The chapter: Its own documents give three different fieldwork periods.

Chapter 4: Title, Land and Legitimacy

Two publishers, one quantity

Two organisations counting what is meant to be the same thing and arriving at different numbers.

People displaced inside Syria

FEWS NET, June 2026 5.87 million
UNHCR, May 2026 5,542,227

people; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees carries 5,542,227 and 1,917,862 for the same quantities.

Chapter 1: The Bill and the Denominator · Claim CH1-011

Internally displaced people returned since December 2024

FEWS NET, June 2026 2.04 million
UNHCR, May 2026 1,917,862

people; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees carries 5,542,227 and 1,917,862 for the same quantities.

Chapter 1: The Bill and the Denominator · Claim CH1-011

Primary teachers in Syria, 2002

Central Bureau of Statistics 128,903
UNESCO Institute for Statistics 114,676

teachers; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: For 2002 the Bureau prints 128,903 primary teachers, 12.4 per cent more than the Institute's 114,676 on my arithmetic.

Chapter 7: People and Institutional Capacity · Claim TEACH-001

Endowment properties in the national portfolio

Al Jazeera, July 2025, on the ministry's statistics thirty-three thousand seven hundred
Syria TV, April 2026, on the deputy minister thirty-seven thousand

properties; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: A larger national count of about thirty-seven thousand has circulated since the spring of 2026.

Chapter 4: Title, Land and Legitimacy · Claim WAQF-001

Not a disagreement: different measures

Figures quoted against each other as rival estimates when they measure different things. Here the error is the comparison.

Syria's gas production

Energy Institute, 2024, per day 7.46
Caretaker minister, January 2025 8 million cubic metres a day
Syrian Petroleum Company, January 2026 7.6 million
Syrian Petroleum Company, July 2026 6.3 million

million cubic metres a day; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: setting 7.4 against 8 as rival estimates is the error rather than the disagreement.

Chapter 8: The Energy Transition Already Under Way · Claim GAS-001

Electricity lost by the grid

World Bank appraisal, total system losses 33 percent
Central Bureau of Statistics, 2023, network or self-consumed 32 per cent

per cent; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: the 30-odd per cent figure already contains the plant losses.

Chapter 8: The Energy Transition Already Under Way · Claim LOSS-001

Syria's population in 2026

UN projection, 1 July 2025 25,620,427
UN projection, 1 July 2026 26,472,497

people; each bar on this row’s own scale, from zero

The chapter: A number labelled for one year is carrying a quantity from the year before.

Chapter 1: The Bill and the Denominator · Claim POP-001

Every figure on this page is printed in the chapter it comes from, and the page will not build if one is not. No gap, ratio or percentage is computed here. The selection is of disagreements the chapters set out in their own words; the claim register records more.